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Hookworm Infection

Zoonotic (Risk to Humans)

Overview

Hookworms (Ancylostoma) are intestinal parasites that latch onto the intestinal wall and suck blood. They are voracious blood feeders and can cause fatal anemia in puppies.

Key / Hallmark Signs

  • Weakness
  • Bloody diarrheaEmergency
  • Black/tarry stoolEmergency
  • Pale gumsEmergency
  • Diarrhea
  • Worms in stool
  • Weight loss

Common / Supporting Signs

  • Coughing
  • Poor coat

Rare or Advanced Signs

  • Itching

What to do?

This condition requires veterinary attention.

If your animal shows the Key or Common signs listed, please visit a clinic immediately.

Report Case / Get Help

Medical Details

Transmission

Larvae penetrate the skin (feet) or are ingested from soil/milk. Can also infect humans (Cutaneous Larva Migrans).

Progression & Stages

Larvae migrate through lungs to gut. Adults bite gut wall. Puppies can fade rapidly due to blood loss before eggs are even seen in feces.

Diagnosis

Fecal flotation detects eggs. In very young puppies with anemia, treatment is often assumed before eggs appear.

Treatment Protocols

Antiparasitics (Pyrantel, Fenbendazole). Anemic puppies may need a blood transfusion.

Prevention

Monthly prevention. Cleaning up feces immediately to prevent soil contamination.

Prognosis

Good if treated before severe anemia occurs.

Medical References

  • Merck Veterinary Manual, VCA Hospitals

Medical DisclaimerThis information is for education only and does not replace examination, diagnosis, or treatment by a qualified veterinarian.