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Kidney Failure

CRITICAL EMERGENCY

Overview

Renal failure is the loss of the kidney's ability to filter toxins and concentrate urine. It can be Acute (toxins like antifreeze, grapes) or Chronic (old age degeneration).

Key / Hallmark Signs

  • No urinationEmergency
  • Frequent urination
  • Excessive thirst
  • Ammonia-smelling breath
  • Vomiting
  • Lethargy
  • Mouth ulcers
  • Weakness
  • Loss of appetite
  • Weight loss

What to do?

This condition requires veterinary attention.

If your animal shows the Key or Common signs listed, please visit a clinic immediately. This is a life-threatening emergency.

Report Case / Get Help

Medical Details

Transmission

Not contagious (unless caused by Leptospirosis).

Progression & Stages

CKD Stages 1-4. Early: Increased thirst/urination. Late: Vomiting, ulcers, ammonia breath, refusal to eat.

Diagnosis

Blood (High BUN/Creatinine/SDMA) and Urine (Low Specific Gravity).

Treatment Protocols

Acute: Aggressive IV fluids to restart kidneys. Chronic: Prescription low-phosphorus renal diet, fluids under skin (Sub-Q), phosphate binders.

Prevention

Chronic is age-related. Acute: Avoid toxins (Lilies for cats, Grapes/Antifreeze for dogs).

Prognosis

Acute: Guarded (kidneys may heal or fail). Chronic: Fatal but manageable for months/years.

Medical References

  • Merck Veterinary Manual, VCA Hospitals

Medical DisclaimerThis information is for education only and does not replace examination, diagnosis, or treatment by a qualified veterinarian.