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INF

Feline Infectious Peritonitis

CRITICAL EMERGENCY

Overview

FIP is a complex, fatal viral disease caused by a mutation of the common Feline Coronavirus. The mutation allows the virus to invade white blood cells, causing severe systemic inflammation. It comes in "Wet" (effusive) and "Dry" (granulomatous) forms.

Key / Hallmark Signs

  • Abdominal distensionEmergency
  • Weight loss
  • SeizuresEmergency
  • Swollen abdomen
  • Severe weaknessEmergency
  • Difficulty breathingEmergency
  • Ataxia
  • Vocalization (pain)
  • Jaundice
  • Abdominal swelling
  • Fever
  • Lethargy
  • Loss of appetite

Common / Supporting Signs

  • Cloudy cornea
  • Hiding behavior

What to do?

This condition requires veterinary attention.

If your animal shows the Key or Common signs listed, please visit a clinic immediately. This is a life-threatening emergency.

Report Case / Get Help

Medical Details

Transmission

While the benign coronavirus is highly contagious effectively via feces, the *mutated* FIP virus is essentially not contagious from cat to cat. Each FIP case is an individual mutation event.

Progression & Stages

Wet FIP involves fluid accumulation in the chest or abdomen (pot-bellied appearance). Dry FIP causes inflammatory masses on organs (kidneys, brain, eyes). Both lead to failure to thrive and death.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is notoriously difficult. Analyze fluid if present (straw-colored, high protein). The Rivalta test is a screening tool. PCR and biopsy provide definitive confirmation.

Treatment Protocols

Historically fatal. New antiviral treatments (GS-441524) have shown curative potential but are strictly regulated or expensive. Palliative care focuses on comfort.

Prevention

Minimizing stress and overcrowding in shelters reduces the viral load and mutation risk. There is no effective vaccine.

Prognosis

Without new antiviral therapy, mortality is ~100%. With treatment, cure rates are rising significantly.

Medical References

  • Cornell Feline Health Center, SOCK FIP

Medical DisclaimerThis information is for education only and does not replace examination, diagnosis, or treatment by a qualified veterinarian.