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Ear Infection

Overview

Otitis Externa is inflammation of the ear canal, commonly caused by yeast (Malassezia) or bacteria. It is rarely a primary disease; almost all ear infections are secondary to allergies (food/environmental) or moisture accumulation (swimming).

Key / Hallmark Signs

  • Head shaking
  • Itching
  • Ear odor
  • Pain on touch
  • Ear discharge
  • Head tilt

Common / Supporting Signs

  • Redness

What to do?

This condition requires veterinary attention.

If your animal shows the Key or Common signs listed, please visit a clinic immediately.

Report Case / Get Help

Medical Details

Transmission

Ear infections are generally not contagious. However, ear mites (Otodectes), which can cause infection, are highly contagious among pets.

Progression & Stages

The ear becomes red, itchy, and produces wax/discharge. Chronic inflammation causes the ear canal to thicken and narrow (stenosis), making treatment difficult and potentially leading to middle ear infection.

Diagnosis

Cytology (examining a swab under a microscope) identifies if the cause is yeast, bacteria, or mites. The Vet examines the ear drum (tympanic membrane) with an otoscope.

Treatment Protocols

Treatment involves deep cleaning followed by topical drops (antibiotic/antifungal/steroid combo). Addressing the underlying allergy is crucial to prevent recurrence.

Prevention

Routine ear cleaning after baths or swimming helps. Managing underlying allergies is the primary long-term prevention strategy.

Prognosis

Excellent for acute cases. Chronic cases can be frustrating and may require surgery (TECA) if the ear canal becomes permanently calcified.

Medical References

  • VCA Hospitals, Merck Veterinary Manual

Medical DisclaimerThis information is for education only and does not replace examination, diagnosis, or treatment by a qualified veterinarian.