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Canine Infectious Hepatitis

CRITICAL EMERGENCY Contagious

Overview

Canine Infectious Hepatitis is caused by Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAV-1). It targets the liver, kidneys, and blood vessel linings. It can cause acute liver failure, bleeding disorders, and eye damage known as "Blue Eye" due to corneal edema.

Key / Hallmark Signs

  • Jaundice
  • Cloudy cornea
  • Pale gumsEmergency
  • SeizuresEmergency
  • Fever
  • Abdominal pain
  • Nosebleeds
  • Vomiting
  • Lethargy

Common / Supporting Signs

  • Diarrhea

What to do?

This condition requires veterinary attention.

If your animal shows the Key or Common signs listed, please visit a clinic immediately. This is a life-threatening emergency.

Report Case / Get Help

Medical Details

Transmission

The virus is shed in the urine, feces, and saliva of infected dogs. Transmission occurs via ingestion or contact. Recovered dogs can shed the virus in their urine for months.

Progression & Stages

Acute cases present with fever, abdominal pain, and vomiting. This progresses to jaundice, bleeding (due to clotting failure), and shock. A recover phase may see the development of the "Blue Eye" corneal clouding.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves blood work showing liver damage and clotting issues. PCR testing or virus isolation confirms the specific adenovirus. It must be distinguished from Distemper.

Treatment Protocols

Treatment is supportive, aggressive fluid therapy, blood transfusions for clotting factors, and liver support medications. Managing symptoms while the immune system fights the virus is the primary goal.

Prevention

Core vaccination (the "H" in DHPP) provides excellent protection. The vaccine typically uses Adenovirus-2, which provides cross-protection against CAV-1 without causing the "Blue Eye" side effect.

Prognosis

Prognosis is guarded to poor in severe, acute cases, especially in young dogs. Mild cases can recover fully, though chronic liver damage is possible.

Medical References

  • Merck Veterinary Manual

Medical DisclaimerThis information is for education only and does not replace examination, diagnosis, or treatment by a qualified veterinarian.