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Periodontal Disease

Overview

Dental disease involves the accumulation of plaque and tartar (calculus) on teeth, leading to gum inflammation (gingivitis) and eventual loss of bone support (periodontitis). It is the most common disease in dogs and cats.

Key / Hallmark Signs

  • Bad breath
  • Broken teeth
  • Red gums
  • Bleeding gums
  • Facial swelling

Common / Supporting Signs

  • Pain on touch
  • Loss of appetite
  • Not eating
  • Drooling

What to do?

This condition requires veterinary attention.

If your animal shows the Key or Common signs listed, please visit a clinic immediately.

Report Case / Get Help

Medical Details

Transmission

Not contagious. Bacterial flora accumulation.

Progression & Stages

Stage 1: Gingivitis (reversible). Stage 2: Early bone loss (<25%). Stage 3: Moderate bone loss (25-50%). Stage 4: Severe disease (>50%), loose teeth, abscesses.

Diagnosis

Oral exam under sedation + Dental X-rays (essential to see below gumline).

Treatment Protocols

Professional dental cleaning (Scale & Polish) under anesthesia. Extraction of diseased teeth that cannot be saved.

Prevention

Daily tooth brushing (gold standard). Dental diets/chews.

Prognosis

Good if treated. Untreated leads to heart/kidney damage via bacteremia.

Medical References

  • AVDC, VCA Hospitals

Medical DisclaimerThis information is for education only and does not replace examination, diagnosis, or treatment by a qualified veterinarian.

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