Canine Influenza (Dog Flu) is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by Type A influenza viruses (H3N8, H3N2). It infects the respiratory tract epithelium, causing inflammation and secondary bacterial infections. It mimics "Kennel Cough" but can be more severe.
This condition requires veterinary attention.
If your animal shows the Key or Common signs listed, please visit a clinic immediately.
Report Case / Get HelpTransmission occurs via aerosolized droplets (coughing/sneezing) or contact with contaminated surfaces (fomites). The virus remains viable on surfaces for up to 48 hours.
Incubation lasts 2-4 days, followed by acute respiratory signs. Most dogs develop a mild form (cough, nasal discharge), but some develop severe pneumonia with high fever and dyspnea.
PCR testing on nasal/pharyngeal swabs is the most sensitive method, especially early in infection. Serology (antibody testing) can confirm exposure later in the disease course.
Treatment is supportive. It includes cough suppressants, fluids, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories for fever. Antibiotics are only prescribed if secondary bacterial pneumonia is suspected or confirmed.
Vaccines are available for both H3N8 and H3N2 strains and are recommended for dogs in social settings (boarding, daycare). Isolation of infected dogs is critical.
The prognosis is excellent for the mild form. It is guarded for severe cases developing hemorrhagic pneumonia, but mortality is generally low (<10%).
Medical DisclaimerThis information is for education only and does not replace examination, diagnosis, or treatment by a qualified veterinarian.