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Acute Gastritis

Overview

Acute gastritis is the sudden and often severe inflammation of the stomach lining. It is one of the most common causes of vomiting in dogs and cats. While often caused by dietary indiscretion (eating garbage, spoiled food, or foreign objects), it can also result from toxins, infections, or metabolic disorders.

Key / Hallmark Signs

  • Vomiting
  • Sudden collapseEmergency
  • Pale gumsEmergency
  • Vomiting bloodEmergency
  • Black/tarry stoolEmergency
  • Dehydration
  • Abdominal swelling
  • Loss of appetite
  • Fever
  • Pain on touch
  • Bloating
  • Abdominal pain
  • Weakness

Common / Supporting Signs

  • Abdominal discomfort
  • Not eating
  • Diarrhea
  • Excessive drooling
  • Nausea
  • Lethargy
  • Drooling

Rare or Advanced Signs

  • Bad breath

What to do?

This condition requires veterinary attention.

If your animal shows the Key or Common signs listed, please visit a clinic immediately.

Report Case / Get Help

Medical Details

Transmission

The condition itself is not typically contagious. However, if the underlying cause is an infectious agent like a virus or bacteria, that agent may be transmitted through direct contact or shared bowls.

Progression & Stages

The condition typically presents with an acute onset of vomiting. If untreated, it can progress to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Recovery is usually rapid with appropriate supportive care.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is primarily based on the patient's history and physical examination. X-rays or ultrasound may be performed to rule out foreign body ingestion or obstruction. Blood tests help evaluate hydration and rule out organ failure.

Treatment Protocols

Treatment focuses on resting the stomach (brief fasting), providing a bland diet, and administering anti-nausea medications such as maropitant (Cerenia) or ondansetron. Fluid therapy is essential if the animal is dehydrated.

Prevention

Prevention involves preventing access to garbage, table scraps, and potential toxins. Feeding a consistent, high-quality diet and avoiding sudden food changes can also reduce risk.

Prognosis

The prognosis is generally excellent for simple cases treated early. However, if caused by a toxin or foreign body, the outcome depends on the severity of the underlying issue.

Medical References

  • VCA Hospitals

Medical DisclaimerThis information is for education only and does not replace examination, diagnosis, or treatment by a qualified veterinarian.

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