Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic endocrine disorder where the body cannot regulate blood sugar. In dogs, it is typically Type 1 (lack of insulin). In cats, it is often Type 2 (insulin resistance) and can sometimes be reversible. It causes excessive thirst, urination, and weight loss.
This condition requires veterinary attention.
If your animal shows the Key or Common signs listed, please visit a clinic immediately.
Report Case / Get HelpDiabetes is a metabolic/genetic condition and is not contagious.
Early signs are increased thirst/urination ("PU/PD") and weight loss despite hunger. If untreated, it progresses to Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), a critical emergency state of metabolic shock.
Diagnosis is based on persistent hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and glucosuria (sugar in urine). A Fructosamine test helps distinguish persistent diabetes from stress-induced hyperglycemia.
Dogs require lifelong insulin injections (twice daily) and dietary management. Cats may achieve remission with high-protein/low-carb diets and insulin. Consistent routine is vital.
Obesity is a major risk factor, especially in cats. Maintaining a healthy weight is the best prevention. Dogs' diabetes is often immune-mediated and less preventable.
With dedicated management, diabetic pets can live normal lifespans. Unmanaged diabetes is fatal.
Medical DisclaimerThis information is for education only and does not replace examination, diagnosis, or treatment by a qualified veterinarian.