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Brain Tumor

Overview

A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells within the brain or its membranes (meninges). Common types include Meningiomas and Gliomas. These tumors compress healthy brain tissue, leading to neurological deficits, seizures, and behavioral changes.

Key / Hallmark Signs

  • Difficulty swallowingEmergency
  • SeizuresEmergency
  • UnresponsivenessEmergency
  • Head pressingEmergency
  • ParalysisEmergency
  • Circling
  • Blindness
  • Behavior change
  • Ataxia
  • Loss of balance
  • Head tilt

Common / Supporting Signs

  • Disorientation
  • Lethargy

Rare or Advanced Signs

  • Coma

What to do?

This condition requires veterinary attention.

If your animal shows the Key or Common signs listed, please visit a clinic immediately.

Report Case / Get Help

Medical Details

Transmission

Brain tumors are not contagious. They arise from genetic mutations or spontaneous cellular changes. There is no known method of transmission between animals.

Progression & Stages

Symptoms typically begin subtly with behavioral changes or mild incoordination and progress to severe seizures, paralysis, blindness, or coma as the tumor grows and intracranial pressure increases.

Diagnosis

Advanced imaging is required for a definitive diagnosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for visualizing soft tissue of the brain. A CT scan may also be used. A biopsy is needed for specific tumor typing.

Treatment Protocols

Treatment options include palliative care with corticosteroids (to reduce swelling) and anticonvulsants (for seizures). Specialized options include surgical removal or radiation therapy, available at referral centers.

Prevention

There are no known preventative measures for primary brain tumors. General health maintenance and avoiding known carcinogens is recommended but not specific.

Prognosis

The prognosis is generally poor to guarded. With palliative care, survival is often measured in months. Surgery or radiation can extend quality life for a year or more depending on the tumor type.

Medical References

  • VCA Hospitals, ACVIM

Medical DisclaimerThis information is for education only and does not replace examination, diagnosis, or treatment by a qualified veterinarian.