Medical Library
INF

Feline Leukemia Virus

Contagious

Overview

FeLV is a retrovirus that suppresses the immune system, predisposing cats to infections, anemia, and lymphoma (cancer). It is a leading infectious cause of death in cats.

Key / Hallmark Signs

  • Weight loss
  • Pale gumsEmergency
  • Severe weaknessEmergency
  • Lethargy
  • Mouth ulcers
  • Poor coat
  • Fever
  • Abscess
  • Thick eye discharge

Common / Supporting Signs

  • Nasal discharge
  • Poor grooming
  • Enlarged lymph nodes
  • Diarrhea

What to do?

This condition requires veterinary attention.

If your animal shows the Key or Common signs listed, please visit a clinic immediately.

Report Case / Get Help

Medical Details

Transmission

The "Friendly Cat" virus. Transmitted via prolonged close contact: grooming, sharing bowls, and mating. Also from mother to kitten.

Progression & Stages

After exposure, some cats clear the virus. Others become persistently infected. Clinical signs may not appear for years but eventually include weight loss, poor coat, and recurrent infections.

Diagnosis

ELISA SNAP test is the standard screening tool. IFA or PCR confirmation is recommended for positive results to distinguish active infection from exposure.

Treatment Protocols

There is no cure for the virus itself. Treatment is supportive: antibiotics for secondary infections, blood transfusions for anemia, and chemotherapy for lymphoma.

Prevention

Vaccination is highly recommended for all kittens and outdoor cats. Keeping cats indoors prevents exposure.

Prognosis

Variable. Persistently infected cats typically live 2-3 years after diagnosis. "Regressive" cats may live normal lives but harbor the virus DNA.

Medical References

  • Cornell Feline Health Center, AAFP

Medical DisclaimerThis information is for education only and does not replace examination, diagnosis, or treatment by a qualified veterinarian.

Feline Leukemia Virus | Animal Rescue Medical Library | AnimalRescue